audiophilereview.com Supervinyl! by Roger Skoff
One alternative that’s not actually new, but does offer a real possibility of improvement is “half speed mastering.” In practice, this is really simple: To make the “master” recording, an original recording is played at half-speed (7 ½ ips [inches per second] if it was originally recorded on analog tape at 15 ips or 15 ips if it was recorded at 30) into a disc-cutting lathe which is also operating at half-speed (16 2/3 rpm instead of 33 1/3 rpm). Doing this reduces all of the frequencies to be recorded by half ― 20 kHz becomes 10 kHz, 1 kHz becomes 500 Hz, etc. ― and makes the job of the disc cutting head a whole lot easier. Because disc cutting heads, regardless of manufacturer, were limited in high frequency capability, and were typically rolled-off by 3dB or more at 15 kHz, half-speed mastering effectively doubles the high frequency response of the cutting head and allows for a new -3dB point well above 20 kHz, which is all there when the record is played-back at the normal speed of 33 1/3 rpm. Yummy!
Another option which increases available high frequency recording capability (at the cost of less recording time per disc) is cutting an LP at 45 rpm instead of the customary 33 1/3. Doing that increases the number of inches of groove that are cut every second by 35%, which doesn’t help the cutting head’s performance at all, but makes it easier for the playback cartridge to track the higher frequencies (and also explains the lowered maximum recording time). The one possible negative sonic side-effect may be somewhat higher “groove noise” as the stylus drags along 35% more groove for every second of playback. Dust in the groove may also be slightly more noticeable for the same reason, but if the discs are kept clean (and who doesn’t clean their vinyl before every play) it should be no problem…
Another vinyl alternative that may or may not be worthwhile to you is the 180 gram disc. Ordinary LPs are standardized at 130 grams of vinyl, so the 180 gram format is a bit more than 38% heavier (although still less than the 200 gram UHQR recordings offered at one time by Mobile Fidelity Sound Labs)…
Making discs heavier means, of course, making them thicker: When LPs are all 12 inches in diameter, if they’re all made out of the same stuff, about the only place the extra 50 grams of vinyl CAN go is into making them thicker. That can be an advantage because greater thickness makes them more resistant to both macro and micro warpage, which can affect the sound. It can also be a disadvantage because the extra thickness will change the effective vertical tracking angle (VTA) of your cartridge and even a small amount of VTA error can make your records sounds quite noticeably WORSE. If you are planning to use 180 gram discs, my best suggestions are to either use ONLY 180 gram discs and optimize your arm’s VTA setting just for them; OR buy a tonearm that features easy VTA adjustment and get really good at resetting it every time you change from standard to 180 gram records and back; OR, if you can afford it/them, get a turntable setup with two arms and two cartridges (and two phono cables) and a preamp with two phono inputs; set one arm up for 130 gram standard LPs and set-up the other for 180 gram discs and simply switch back and forth at your preamp. Mmmm, Good! Mmmm…